Welcome to this lecture in this lecture we'll see some of the important Linux terminal command.
And we are going to use the color Linux for this section so you can see the interface of the Galilee
next.
Over here you can see the calendar the time displayed at the center and at the left inside you can see
the application section and in the application you can see the favorites where do we have the Firefox
terminal in every files and the important application over here which is multiple in the beef access
framework which you can also navigate from these select inside Minerva.
So in the application you can see a bunch of application which is going to have the wireless attack
reverse engineering toolkits social engineering toolkits and they use full use in applications which
would be your necessaries and graphics.
So these are the ones of application you can simply go over here and navigate this.
Another thing you can also do is in the minibar basically in this navigation bar you can simply place
that icon and you can search your application in this sauce bar if you want the terminal you can simply
search for the terminal you can enter that application in here it opens.
So this is the way to just navigate your application in the galley Linux.
So next thing over here is the places.
So I just go to the places you can see all of these folders that is similar to that of Windows machine
so you can see the downloads of documents music pictures and the videos.
If I go to the computer this is going to be your pad into directory so everything over here is basically
the root directory and you can see the sub directories over here binary directories they've directories
in D.C. directories and your optional territories all of these directories are very important.
So all you have to remember is Linux have the main directory named is a root directory which is denoted
by the Forward SLAs and next.
All of these directories are the sub directories of that main root directories.
So you can see that we have a bunch of directories over here which is for is the bin directory which
stands for the binary and it contains all the command that is to be executed in the Linux Muhsin when
I just open here you can see all of these commands so you can see right here we have the let me see
clear commands so you can see the clear command.
So this can be executed in the terminal.
So when it does go to the terminal and let me write some juries first and if you want to clear this
terminal you can simply press this clear command and press into it is going to be cleared.
So this binary folder of this root directory contains all of the command that is to be executed in this
Linux machine.
So next one here resolves none so you can see that repeated directory right over here which means Snell
and in this directory all the program available will be installed like if you want to just install Chrome
which is taught by the library that doesn't come as a pre pact in this Linux machine then you can simply
download that Chrome or basically any application third party application and that would be installed
in this optional folder.
So next one here is a home so home directory has the personal data which made you to create an account
like we have here the root so root is basically the pseudo are basically what is the default root are
basically default user name.
If we make any other user name instead R B Bjorn the root then it will be inside this home.
We don't have any user name which is beyond that of our basically except of root.
That means we don't have anything inside this home.
So this home contains all the personal data which made when users create the account.
Like maybe if you just create your own account or account with your name then that would be inside this
home.
So next is the same folder.
So it contains all the directories which has the temporary data.
So if you want to track that number later you can simply go on this time folder.
Next one is very important which is basically the VAR.
So if you this open this you will get a bunch of directory so this var folder contains the variable
letter that sends over the time.
So you can see the w w folder if I just go to the W Lulu you'll see the statement.
So the page that is going to be render when you just run the party server is going to be this base.
So when there's this open space it will open in the lift where basically in this Mozilla and this is
the basically is that is going to be executed in the browser if you just run this Apache server.
So let me just go back and go to this folder again and you can see the library for logo here which is
the important folder.
And this is the all the services that comes is prepared in these Gully machine so you can see we have
a beefy accesses over here which is the B framework.
You can see autopsy here you can see at folder which is going to install the car park as leverage for
virus or basically any pack is that is installed from this via directly so you can see this is a very
important directory.
You can see the all party to server right over here.
So this is the all the packages that comes is prefect are basically winning you stole the coloured nuts.
This is the install in your tablet next so you can see the PSP servo over here you can see the My School
server right over here so you can make use of all of these services that comms is pre packed in the
college Linux from the terminal.
So we have now seen some of the importing the variables are basically important directories of this
root directory so let's see how we can this man played how we can just navigate from one day to to another
directory from the Linux command and we'll make use of our terminal to do that.
So let me first open our terminal.
So let's go back and this our terminal.
So let me zoom in and let me just clear one more time.
So first of all we'll see the file in directory manipulation.
So if I say P WD This is basically print the working directory.
So if I just say already and he hit into it is going to source a root.
So basically where in the root directory if Justin's directory to desktop and if I say again Pete WD
which is basically printer working directory it contains from route to desktop now our Directories Dexter
stop.
So next thing is to change the directory.
So in order to change the directory you have to make use of C.D. so a city stands for teens directory.
We have just done here that it sends a directory from the root to the desktop and desktop has been added
to over here.
So if I want two things from the desktop to route then we have to just go back from desktop to the route.
So that should be done with this double dot waste into then we are back to the route if I say your list
now which is basically list and this is going to list everything that is inside this route.
So we have desktop documents music everything.
If you want to go to the directly let me say something like ham which is not inside this route then
it is going to give us either because that is not inside this route.
It should be only this folder.
You can just navigating do so if you see something like I want to go to the music you'll see City music
and this is going to the music.
So if I want to go back city double dot you are going back else and again inside this route you have
this folder where do you can just navigate if you want to go to the next stop.
It should be city and stop.
So it is case sensitive so you can do something like C the stop as you so do that is with the capital
city.
So names would be exactly what we have the city.
So this is case sensitive.
So if I just say to you are inside this dick stop to see what is the content of this dick stop you'll
simply press the Ellis or diabetes you'll see we have the demo folder and this virtual edition run inside
this text.
If you want to go back.
City dot dot and you are inside the route now.
So this list is to list all the files and for Lane the current directory if you want to go to the document
is this city which is for the is directory and I said document should be documents and if I say else
it has only this file over here.
So it is the swing the folder inside that current directory.
So if you want to list all the detail of the files and folder all you need to do is let me this go back
and let me say next stop.
And now if you want to list everything inside that next stop then you will have to easily so easily
is attribute to this list command.
So if I just hit into it is going to give us everything including a hit and so on.
So these are the hidden ones so if it is open that day stop you will find only this demo in this Ron
file you won't file this this too for love.
That is these are the hidden one.
So this is going to source everything including the hidden ones.
It has also the detailed information about these permissions and we will soon know about these permissions
using this year's emoji combine in the upcoming leagues.
But for now you can see the detailed information of these for them with this easily attribute inside
this Ellis command.
So you can see we have now list our detailed list of the files in folder including the hidden ones with
this Ellis command.
So now next thing all you need to do is basically we have seen now city Ellis and the BW t which are
the basic command in order to sustain the directory to see the working directories and basically to
just navigate from one area to do another.
So next thing all you need to do is to clear the files.
Let's see how we can describe the files in this text.
So we are inside this dig stuff.
If you want to just go to another directory you can simply is the directory if you want to just create
the folder in the download.
You can simply choose directory from the current directly to the downloads.
I want to make inside this text up so I'll just say next up.
So let me clear first this console.
Now in order to clear the file you can make use of this dot com on and give the file name.
So after the thoughts I'll say let me say this these hack file so I'll say Hector 60 if I read into.
Now if I say less then we have created Hector DST inside this text.
So you can also edit or create the new file using this nano command.
If it's a nano and if it's a hack one dot the 60s and you can see we have now hack 136 T which is the
file.
You can edit this file or you can create.
If it is doesn't exist using that nano.
So we have the alternative to this nano which is a VM any Max.
What for now if I want to just exit out of it I'll simply place control X..
And now if a list we have had dot DST because in order to this create that file you have to save it
and then exit.
I haven't said that because some I don't want to this create new file so I've just closed.
Instead of creating it.
So it ought to be created only.
We have had the next day which was created with these dots command.
So next thing we have to know is to copy move and rename the files and directories.
So in order to copy the file I'll make use of the CPE command.
So let me just make a real bigger than this.
So CPE command is to create a copy of the file.
So if I want to this create the copy of the hacked or the 60 in to let me see a hack one not the 60
you can do simply like that.
Any new list.
We have hack wonder DST in every content of the hack dot the extra will be copied to the hack wonder
DST using this command.
So you can also create a copy of a directory and does everything in it using this CPE and are added
tribute.
And you can simply now copy the directory.
So if I see a demo which is the directory inside this text hub at me said demo one so everything will
be copied.
Now inside this demo one with this added tribute.
So if you simply CCP only then that is for the file name if you want to have the directories copied
it should be with the added tribute.
So next one is to move the files so you can simply do that using this EMV which is the move command
and you can simply give the final him now.
So I want to just copy let me say got the 60 and I'll just copy.
Let me just clear this first and now I'll simply say GMB which is for move and the file names so I forget
the filing it should be Hagedorn.
OK.
And before the moving and now as say hack the text file should be moved and inside the home.
Let me say inside the dex stop
already you can also go to the downloads and I want to just move here.
So we have now move this file inside this text up or you can simply go to the download.
And this is going to overwrite any existing file with the same name.
So if you have same name that is hack dirty deep inside this text or that is going to be over right
there.
So they just seed into.
Now if it's alias here we have
the hack not the extra has been overrated.
So next one is to move or directory to another location.
So if you want to move the directory notify Lim so a directory can be moved.
We.
Let me say Demoulas would be moved and let me say that should be moving home and downloads via Twitter
if I go to let me see really quick go to downloads they sit.
Okay.
There is nothing over there.
So you have this small and let me say Ellis Yeah.
Okay.
We haven't moved.
So basically there was a robot just so let me first delete this that is using that command and in order
to delete the file means go real quickly here.
That is with the day stop by to see what has happened over there.
So item is to remove and if we want to remove any file let me say hack one.
The next day it should be at home and hack one dirty steam.
So at least now it has gone because of this item command.
And if you want to force delete a file everything from the file as the item and file C it should be
the file in the file them.
Everything will be deleted.
So we're just careful about this item command is very dangerous command.
So you have to be very careful why you're using that command.
So next we'll see about the system and the user information so let me show you the system any user information
it is not related to any file system.
So it will be independent of the file system it can be executed in any of the territories and you'll
get the same output.
So this is basically the system and user remove missing seal if you say seal come.
This is going to give us a monthly calendar.
If you set a date which is the date.
Come on then this is going to give us a date and a time.
If you see uptime.
Then this is going to give us a uptime in a currently logged in user which is this user one user has
been logged in.
If you want to see the system user information that is going to be you name it.
This is going to give us a system information.
So this is our system information.
If you want to display the kernel ring burger or basically buffer and if you want to display the kernel
ring buffer it should be this command so you can see everything the system has logged and every information
about this system.
So this very important Gordon lowering buffer if you want to sort of this system is simply to pull power
up which is going to slow down the system.
If you want to reboot it should be reboot.
Come on.
If you read into it will be reboot.
So this this simple user information and system information so you can also do something like to see
the command or to display Dixie space uses as you can see these Fiats.
This is going to give us a disk space uses if you want to see partitioned table.
You can simply say yeah for Dex and if we let me see Yul or a it should be yellow.
Okay.
With the URL you can see the dex partition table if you want to display the memory usage you can simply
place it free which is going to simply us some memory uses.
So this ad system information and basic information that is going to be important.
Now let's see the user information.
So now in order to see the user information first commander would be Who am I.
So it is very important information.
So if I eat it into then it is going to say rude.
So this is your user name.
If you want to check who is online line.
Simply place W and you see who is online obey him if you want to see the history of the executive.
Come on let's say history every commander will be seen over here every command that is executed in this
machine if you want to display the last logging in for the user it should be last command and you see
when the user has been just basically executed that command are logged in as a user and you can simply
display the user information with the finger root and you can see this displays the user information.
So next one you can see the networking utilities command.
So let's see the networking utilities Come on now.
If you want to bring the host you simply typing and if you want to ping any voice Let me say Google
dot com you will this being that and you can see the IP information right over here.
Make sure you have Internet connection and it will say that you are just pinging a host over here you'll
get every information about toast using this ping come on if you want to this stop that execution you
can press control and see to stop that a running of that command.
And now next thing what you can do is with this who is command and give the domain name.
So if you want to see who is the host you can see who is and give their domain name which is alternative
of the spin command if you know the domain domain name then you can simply typing in the domain name
it will just give us IP if you have IP and want to get the domain name then you can simply type this
who is command and if you just pass this IP here control say Okay control see is not going to work in
a galley you have to simply copy from here and with this who is command pasted up to this who is is
friended and you can see now it will give all the information about that organization which is obviously
the Google.
Let me clear one more time.
Next one is to dig.
So if you want to just say get the DNS information you can use this a dick command and give the domain
if you want this and then you can simply dig and you can get the DNS information on the Google dot com
if you want to get the name Server information it is with DNS lookup command and you can simply pass
here there are you name server if you want to display the network interfaces so this is important if
config this command is very important command will see a lot of references to this if config How do
this configure your network adapter everything in the upcoming letter with this if config in IP config
I don't look unfit command so I'll see if you want to display a wireless network adapter it should be
I w config so if I say I don't look on VK there is no wireless extension over here and if you just want
to let this be the kernel IP routing table all you need to do is let me clear this first so if you want
to display the IP routing tables it is the command which in its stead.
Come on.
And if I just see ah it is going to give us the networking interfaces or our IP routing table.
So for now it is just a default over here which is the IP and gateways not over deal will this configured
all of these in the upcoming lecture.
So if you want to take for these tablets and listening board connections which can be done with this
net is dead.
So if you just submitted a payload and if you can take that payload in the victim and if you want to
this take for the connections or the ports you can simply use this native stat command and a A.P. come
on and it is going to give us the information about the connections in the port if you want to this
display they are because stable for all the interface you can do with ERP e.
This is going to give us information about the CAS tables for all the interface.
So these are the some of the networking utilities that we have in the college Linux and in the Linux
basically.
So these are the tools we'll be learning in in the upcoming lecture.
We'll see how the information can be gathered how the backdoor can be this created and that can be injected
in the victim machine and how to remain anonymous.
So before that you can simply go to your Firefox and any any browser.
So all you need to do is I want to go to this media college Web site and type Linux after that type
commands.
And if I just sit com are not commands you should be only command.
And if I just go over here and if I list all of these Linux commands you'll see the list of Linux command
nobody.
So all you need to do is simply see what this command does with this reference and you can see the examples
tutorial over here of this Linux command.
I have tried my best to this to get everything that is important.
So we'll see about this command and see it's a Modi command in the upcoming lecture and except that
everything is being covered so you can see if you want the manual you can simply type men and give the
information about the command you want to get on basically and everything here is being covered.
Also basically some of these commands are unnecessary for the hacking purpose.
So I have just made some of the importance come at least I have just gone through each of them in dyslexia
in the upcoming later we'll see about the command and how to remain anonymous.
And basically we'll see about the CSA Modi command which is going to change that as this permission
of the files and directories which is the important lecture.
So assume the next one.